Lithium

Lithium is a natural resource in Astroneer. Lithium occurs in curly noodle-shaped nodes of pink-and-yellow tubes.

Source
Lithium can be found on the following planets:

The gives 1 Lithium for every 4, up to 2 total for 8.

Uses
Lithium is used to craft the following items:

Media
Lithium Lithium Lithium Литий