Laterite

Laterite is one of the Resources in Astroneer. It is mined from red-and-blue cylindrical crystal deposits and can be refined in the Smelting Furnace to produce Aluminum.

Laterite can be found on all planets, typically underground in caves.

Source
Laterite can be found on the following planets:

The gives 1 Laterite for each, up to 8 Laterite for 8 Scrap.

Trivia
Laterite was called "Hematite" in one of the developer Let's Plays. Hematite is an ore which can be smelted into Iron which was not implemented at the time.

Media
Laterit Latérite Laterite Латерит