Small Solar Panels only produce power while exposed to sunlight. Different than the Medium Solar Panel, it is articulated with two joints, allowing it to track the Sun. This, together with the small pole that raises the solar panel a few inches above the platform, is an advantage because this allows for longer exposure.
At the poles of a planet, the player may even achieve continuous exposure with a cleverly placed Small Solar Panel.
Small Solar Panels will only work when there is sunlight that is able to hit the panel. It will not work if there is terrain blocking direct view of the sun, or if underground.
A Small Solar Panel will fill one bar of battery in 4 seconds.
Average Power rate for Small Solar Panels on various Planets